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    January, 2007

    地球之肾

          2月2日是国际湿地日。根据1971年在伊朗拉姆萨尔(RAMSAR)签定的《关于特别是作为水禽栖息地的国际重要湿地公约》,湿地是指“长久或暂时性沼泽地、泥炭地或水域地带,带有静止或流动、或为淡水、半咸水、咸水体,包括低潮时不超过6米的水域”。湿地对于保护生物多样性,特别是禽类的生息和迁徙有重要的作用。
          湿地的生物多样性占有非常重要的地位。依赖湿地生存、繁衍的野生动植物极为丰富,其中有许多是珍稀特有的物种,是生物多样性丰富的重要地区和濒危鸟类、迁徙候鸟以及其它野生动物的栖息繁殖地。在40多种国家一级保护的鸟类中,约有1/2生活在湿地中。中国是湿地生物多样性最丰富的国家之一,亚洲有57种处于濒危状态的鸟,在中国湿地已发现有31种;全世界有鹤类15种,中国湿地鹤类占9种。中国许多湿地是具有国际意义的珍稀水禽、鱼类的栖息地,天然的湿地环境为鸟类、鱼类提供丰富的食物和良好的生存繁衍空间,对物种保存和保护物种多样性发挥着重要作用。
          湿地类型类型包括:沼泽湿地、湖泊湿地、河流湿地、浅海湿地、滩涂湿地和人工湿地。
          湿地是地球生态环境的重要组成部分,与森林、海洋一起并称为全球三大生态系统。但由于人类对湿地的认识和了解很少,忽视了湿地的功能和效益,造成对湿地的盲目开发,大面积湿地退化和消失,野生生物栖息地遭到破坏,人类赖以生存的湿地资源正在逐渐的丧失和破坏,极大的威胁着人类的生存、经济和社会的发展。
          湿地正在面临严重的威胁,我们不能让宝贵的湿地资源丧失,不能让美丽的动植物失去家园,保护湿地是人类共同的责任。让我们从一点一滴做起,保护地球母亲,保护美丽的家园。爱护湿地,爱护森林,爱护鸟类要靠我们大家的共同努力。从一点一滴的小事做起,把学到的知识告诉自己的父母、亲戚和周围的朋友,让他们和我们一起行动起来保护湿地和环境。

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